How to type Logical And
To type Logical And (∧), press Alt + 8743 on Windows, holding Alt while typing the digits on the numeric keypad, or write ∧ in HTML. On any system you can copy it from this page, or enter its codepoint U+2227 directly: Ctrl+Shift+U then 2227 on Linux, or 2227 then Alt+X in Microsoft Word.
Logical And
- Copy it
- Unicode
- U+2227
- Windows
- Alt + 8743 needs regedit
| Where | Shortcut | How |
|---|---|---|
| Windows | Alt + 8743 | Above 255, so Windows will not accept it as typed. Copy the character instead. |
| Mac | N/A | Press the keys together. |
| HTML | ∧ | Paste this into HTML source. |
| Unicode | U+2227 | LOGICAL AND |
Other math symbols
∧ lives in the Mathematical Operators block (U+2200-U+22FF), the core set of mathematical and logical operators. Within Unicode it is classified as Sm, a mathematical symbol. Software may lay it out with the spacing an operator expects.
How to type ∧ in Microsoft Word
In Microsoft Word, type 2227 and press Alt + X. Word reads the four characters before the cursor as a hex codepoint and replaces them, and pressing Alt + X again turns ∧ back into 2227, which is the quickest way to check what a character really is.
What Logical And is used for
In mathematical notation ∧ is a binary operator: it takes one operand on each side, and TeX sets a medium space either side of it so that the three parts read as a single expression rather than as three symbols in a row. That is the classification unicode-math gives it, and it is what decides how the symbol is set: $\wedge$ in LaTeX, in maths mode rather than in a sentence.
Unicode publishes a second list of names for ∧ in CLDR, the keywords its own search data offers rather than the formal name, and they are atque and wedge. Those words are what somebody looking for this character is liable to type when Logical And is not the name they know it by, and the search on the symbol lists matches them as well as the Unicode name.
What Unicode says about Logical And
The standard recognises ∧ under another name as well: wedge, conjunction. That is a formal alias, not a nickname, which is why it turns up in other people's documentation for the same codepoint.
The code chart points from ∧ to n-ary logical and (U+22C0), up arrowhead (U+2303) and and with dot (U+27D1). These are the characters the standard thinks you might have meant instead, which makes them the ones worth checking when Logical And looks nearly right but not quite.
How Logical And behaves in software
∧ is East Asian Ambiguous: one column in a Western locale and two in a CJK one. That is why a table that lines up on your machine can break on somebody else's, with no change to the text at all. It carries no direction of its own, so in a line that mixes English with Arabic or Hebrew it takes the direction of the text around it rather than forcing one.
What people ask about Logical And
How to type logical symbols in word?
In Word, type 2227 and press Alt+X, which converts the codepoint you just typed into ∧. Insert › Symbol › More Symbols finds it by its Unicode name, LOGICAL AND. Google Docs has no Alt+X, so use Alt + 8743 there, or Insert › Special characters and search the same name.
Every way to write Logical And
| Form | Value |
|---|---|
| Codepoint | U+2227 |
| Decimal | 8743 |
| UTF-8 bytes | E2 88 A7 |
| UTF-16 bytes | 22 27 |
| HTML entity | ∧ |
| HTML numeric | ∧ or ∧ |
| CSS | \2227 |
| JavaScript | \u2227 |
| Python | \u2227 |
| URL-encoded | %E2%88%A7 |
| LaTeX, in maths mode | $\wedge$ |
| SVG | 2227.svg · (SIL Open Font License) |
If ∧ arrives as ∧
One character has become three, which is what a three-byte UTF-8 sequence looks like when each byte is read separately: E2 88 A7 read as Windows-1252 gives exactly ∧. The text is intact and the damage is in the reading, so setting the reader to UTF-8 restores it and retyping does not. A rectangle instead of the mojibake means the opposite: the encoding is right and the font has no glyph at U+2227, which for a character this far outside Latin-1 is common in older office fonts.