How to type Copyright
To type Copyright (©), press Alt + 0169 on Windows, holding Alt while typing the digits on the numeric keypad, or press Option + G on Mac, or write © in HTML. On any system you can copy it from this page, or enter its codepoint U+00A9 directly: Ctrl+Shift+U then 00a9 on Linux, or 00a9 then Alt+X in Microsoft Word.
Copyright Sign
- Copy it
- Unicode
- U+00A9
- Windows
- Alt + 0169
| Where | Shortcut | How |
|---|---|---|
| Windows | Alt + 0169 | Hold Alt and type the number on the numeric keypad. |
| Mac | Option + G | Press the keys together. |
| HTML | © | Paste this into HTML source. |
| Unicode | U+00A9 | COPYRIGHT SIGN |
Other legal symbols
© lives in the Latin-1 Supplement block (U+0080-U+00FF), the accented letters and common signs Western European languages needed. Within Unicode it is classified as So, a symbol.
How to type © in Microsoft Word
In Microsoft Word, type 00a9 and press Alt + X. Word reads the four characters before the cursor as a hex codepoint and replaces them, and pressing Alt + X again turns © back into 00a9, which is the quickest way to check what a character really is.
What Copyright is used for
© belongs in prose rather than in an equation. LaTeX writes it \textcopyright, a text command, and there is no maths command for it at all: it is a sign that gets written down, not an operator that acts on anything. Putting it inside $...$ is how it comes out looking wrong.
What Unicode says about Copyright
The code chart points from © to sound recording copyright (U+2117), circled latin capital letter c (U+24B8), copyleft symbol (U+1F12F) and mask work symbol (U+1F1AD). These are the characters the standard thinks you might have meant instead, which makes them the ones worth checking when Copyright looks nearly right but not quite.
How Copyright behaves in software
© takes one column in a terminal. It carries no direction of its own, so in a line that mixes English with Arabic or Hebrew it takes the direction of the text around it rather than forcing one.
What people ask about Copyright
How to type copyright symbol?
You can press Alt + 0169 on Windows, with Num Lock on and the digits typed on the numeric keypad, or press Option + G on Mac. Either produces ©.
How to make copyright symbol in word?
In Word, type 00a9 and press Alt+X, which converts the codepoint you just typed into ©. Insert › Symbol › More Symbols finds it by its Unicode name, COPYRIGHT SIGN. Google Docs has no Alt+X, so use Alt + 0169 there, or Insert › Special characters and search the same name.
Every way to write Copyright
| Form | Value |
|---|---|
| Codepoint | U+00A9 |
| Decimal | 169 |
| UTF-8 bytes | C2 A9 |
| UTF-16 bytes | 00 A9 |
| HTML entity | © |
| HTML numeric | © or © |
| CSS | \00A9 |
| JavaScript | \u00A9 |
| Python | \u00A9 |
| URL-encoded | %C2%A9 |
| LaTeX, in prose | \textcopyright |
| SVG | 00A9.svg · (SIL Open Font License) |
If © arrives as ©
That is this exact character, undamaged: its two UTF-8 bytes C2 A9 are being read one at a time as Windows-1252. The Latin-1 range is where this happens most, because it is the range every legacy system thought it already handled. Nothing is lost, and retyping will not help: the fix is at the reading end, which has to be told the text is UTF-8. An empty rectangle is the opposite complaint, and means the encoding is right and the font has no glyph for U+00A9.